Home Element Group 17 Elements

Group 17 Elements

    What are Group 17 Elements Called?

    Group 17 elements also called the Halogens family in the periodic table contain the chemical element fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At) with ns2 np5 valence shell electronic configuration.

    Properties of Halogens

    Properties Group 17 Elements
    Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Astatine Tennessine
    Discovered by Henri Moissan (1886) Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1774) Antoine-Jérôme Balard and Carl Löwig (1826) Bernard Courtois (1811) Dale R. Corson, Kenneth Ross MacKenzie, Emilio Segrè (1940) Scientists from the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, USA, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, USA (2010)
    Atomic number 9 17 35 53 85 117
    Relative atomic mass 18.998 35.45 79.904 126.904 [210] [294]
    Electron per shell 2, 7 2, 8, 8, 1 2, 8, 18, 7 2, 8, 18, 18, 7 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 7 (predicted)
    Electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p5 [Ne] 3s2 3p5 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5 [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p5 (predicted)
    State at 20°C Gas Gas Liquid Solid Solid Solid
    Melting point (°C) −219.67 −101.5 −7.2 113.7 300 Unknown
    Boiling point (°C) −188.11 −34.04 58.8 184.4 350 Unknown
    Density (gm cm−3) 0.001553 0.002898 3.1028 4.933 Unknown Unknown
    non-bonded atomic radius (Å) 1.47 1.75 1.85 1.98 2.02 Unknown
    Covalent radius (Å) 0.60 1.00 1.17 1.36 1.48 1.65
    First ionization energy (kJ mol−1) 1681.045 1251.186 1139.859 1008.393 899.003 742.9
    Electron affinity (kJ mol−1) 328.165 348.575 324.537 295.152 270.2 Unknown
    Pauling Electronegativity 3.98 3.16 2.96 2.66 2.2 Unknown
    Oxidation number -1 7, 5, 3, 1, -1 7, 5, 3, 1, -1 7, 5, 1, -1 7, 5, 3, 1, -1 −1, +1, +3, +5 (predicted)
    Crystal structure cubic Orthorhombic (oS8) Orthorhombic (oS8) ​Base-centered orthorhombic (oS8) face-centered cubic (fcc) Unknown
    CAS number 7782-41-4 ​7782-50-5 7726-95-6 7553-56-2 7440-68-8 87658-56-8
    ChemSpider ID 4514530 4514529 4514586 4514549 4573995 Unknown

    Halogens in Periodic Table

    The name halogens is derived from the Greek word halo means salt and genes means producing. Therefore, these seven highly reactive non-metals in the periodic table are called “halogens”. They give salts when they react with metals. The position of halogens or Group 17 elements in the periodic table is given below in the picture,

    Group 17 elements in the periodic table

    These chemical elements are one electron short of octet configuration or the nearest noble gas electronic configuration. Therefore, these elements share one electron to form a covalent bond or gain one electron and form an ionic bonding.

    The detailed properties, use, and compounds of halogens are given below the individual topics in learning chemistry.

    Iodine (I), chemical element, Group 17 (Group VIIA) of periodic table or a member of the halogen family has used in the manufacturing of various compounds

    Iodine

    Iodine Element Iodine is a chemical element of Group 17 (VIIA) of the periodic table. It is a member of the halogen family with atomic...
    Bromine (Br), red-brown fuming liquid and chemical element of Group 17 ( VIIA) or halogen family of periodic table used to prepare many industrial compounds

    Bromine

    What is Bromine? Bromine is a chemical element of Group 17 (Group VIIA) or the halogen family of the periodic table with atomic number 35 and...
    Chlorine element symbol, facts, uses and periodic table properties of greenish-yellow gas molecule

    Chlorine

    What is Chlorine? Chlorine is a nonmetal or chemical element of group-17 or the halogen family of the periodic table with the symbol Cl and...
    Fluorine element chemical symbol and the periodic table properties

    Fluorine

    Fluorine element Fluorine (chemical symbol F), chemical formula F2, atomic number 9 is the most electronegative and most chemically reactive member of the halogen family...
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